{"id":232356,"date":"2026-05-21T13:07:02","date_gmt":"2026-05-21T10:07:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/azbuki.bg\/?p=232356"},"modified":"2026-05-21T13:07:02","modified_gmt":"2026-05-21T10:07:02","slug":"sp-pedagogika-knizhka-4-2026-godina-xcviii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/pedagogics\/sadarzhanie-na-sp-pedagogika-2026-g\/sp-pedagogika-knizhka-4-2026-godina-xcviii\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u043f. \u201e\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430\u201c, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 4\/2026, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XCVIII"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Viara Gyurova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sofia University<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.01\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.01<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u00a0 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434a \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0438\u043b \u0420\u0435\u0439\u0441 \u0437\u0430 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u044a\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e, \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044a\u0442 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u0442\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a, \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043b \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f: \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e (\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430) \u0434\u0430 \u045d \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u044a\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441, \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443 \u0445\u043e\u0440\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430) \u0434\u043e \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u2013 \u0442\u044f \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044a\u043b \u043d\u0430 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u0443. \u0415\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0438 \u045d \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043b \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438, \u0441 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044a\u0446\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440. \u0412 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0441\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0435\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u2013 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u041d\u0410\u0422\u0424\u0418\u0417, \u0438\u0437\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0438\u043f\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u201e\u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u201c. \u041d\u044f\u043a\u043e\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0436 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u041a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044a\u0442 \u0438\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u0435\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u201e\u043f\u044a\u0437\u0435\u043b\u0430\u201c, \u0434\u0430 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u201e\u043b\u0438\u043f\u0441\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0430\u201c \u2013 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0432\u043e\u044f\u0442 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0434\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u044f\u0442, \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e-\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438. \u0417\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0447\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u00a0\u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0438 \u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435\u043d \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0441\u044a\u0441 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442; \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b; \u0432\u0438\u0441\u0448\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435; \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/prez-prizmata-na-trite-p-ili-za-rabotata-na-universitetskiya-prepodavatel-kato-profesiya-prizvanie-i-predizvikatelstvo\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Student Hub for Research, Project, and Startup Development within the University Structure<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Tetiana Franchuk<\/strong>,<\/p>\n<p><strong>Svitlana<\/strong><strong> Myronova<\/strong>,<\/p>\n<p><strong>Iryna Yashchyshyna, <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Lesia Ruda, <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Igor Bo\u0456ko<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Kamianets-Podilskyi Ivan Ohiienko National University (Ukraine)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.02\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.02<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> The article presents the results of research addressing the theoretical and practical aspects of current integration processes in the field of higher education, with a focus on enhancing its practice-oriented nature. The aim of the study is to develop and scientifically substantiate an original model for the establishment and functioning of a hub\/school aimed at fostering students\u2019 research and project competencies. This model integrates the capacities of formal\/institutional, non-formal, and informal education, within the framework of which an individual research trajectory of a future professional is programming. The methodological foundations related to the creation of student research-oriented associations have been interpreted. These associations possess the potential to foster research competencies and to serve as a basis for the development of modern innovative products (projects, startups). The research methodology is grounded \u043en approaches aimed at shaping a holistic educational and research environment, ensuring the learner-centered nature of the educational process, and fostering subject-subject interactions among its participants.As a result, an original model of a student hub in the format of a &#8222;School of Research, Project, and Startup Development&#8220; has been presented and substantiated. The model is developed on a valid theoretical foundation and includes appropriate content-methodical support as well as diagnostic tools. The pilot implementation of the proposed model demonstrated the effectiveness of the suggested approach and allowed for an analysis of the obtained results, highlighting successful cases\/practices as well as identifying issues that require further attention.The developed model is adaptive and can be successfully applied in other educational systems, provided their specific features and the level of development of research and project competencies among its participants (students, instructors) are taken into account.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords<\/em><em>: <\/em>research; project; startup; hub; school; competence<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/student-hub-for-research-project-and-startup-development-within-the-university-structure\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0420\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Yordanka Nikolova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sofia University<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.03\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.03<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong>. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0432\u0440\u0438 2024 \u2013 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b 2025 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0430. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u044a\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430. \u041c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u044a\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 51 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438,\u00a0 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0430 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438, \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0439 (case-study), \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044e \u0441 48 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0441\u0443\u0431\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430, \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u0438\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0435\u044f. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043e\u0441\u044a\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e, \u0441\u044a\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0444\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0436\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430; \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442; \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e; \u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435; \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/roli-na-roditelite-za-ustojchivoto-razvitie-na-obrazovatelnite-ekosistemi-v-balgariya\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u041f\u044a\u0442\u044f\u0442 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044f\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430: \u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ralitsa Veleva <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>University of National and World Economy<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.04\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.04<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract. <\/strong>\u0414\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0435\u0434\u043d\u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e-\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044f\u043c\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442 \u2013 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u044a\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0434\u044a\u043b\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442. \u0422\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0435 \u0443\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 XXI \u0432\u0435\u043a. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442, \u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u045d \u0432 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f. \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0435, \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0441\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u044a\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u0441\u044a\u044e\u0437 \u0438 \u0411\u044a\u043b\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e-\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435. \u0410\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u044a\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0440\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0445\u0435\u0437\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430, \u0447\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044a\u0442 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442 \u0435 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d, \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441, \u043a\u043e\u0439\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0438\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0449\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043c\u0443 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b \u0438 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u043e \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442; \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430; \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0448\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b; \u0438\u043a\u043e\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/patyat-na-promyanata-ot-obrazovanie-kam-uchene-prez-czeliya-zhivot\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Augmented Reality as a Pedagogical Tool for Green Education in Primary Schools: Principles, Applications, and Implications<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Albena Vutsova,<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Olga Ignatova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sofia University \u201eSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d (Bulgaria)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ieva Tenberga<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>University of Latvia (Latvia)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Hasan Arslan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University (Turkey)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.05\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.05<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong>. This article explores the integration of Augmented Reality (AR) in sustainability education within primary school contexts. Drawing on constructivist, experiential, and multimodal learning theories, the study frames AR as a transformative pedagogical mediator. By examining its alignment with the European Green Deal and the GreenComp sustainability competence framework, the article presents a three-phase instructional model for AR-based environmental learning. It also addresses ethical, cognitive and technological issues,\u2002providing a clear view and future directions for those wanting to promote meaningful, equitable and competence-based use of AR with pupils and students. The\u2002methodology of qualitative document analysis, conceptual modelling and integrative literature review are integrated into a pedagogical model that is theoretically informed. The results indicate that when designed-in a thoughtful manner, AR has the potential to significantly increase student engagement, support inclusive learning,\u2002and promote early-stage sustainability competence development. Though the design is based on theory and practice, its hypothetical character does not allow\u2002empirical generalisation. Additional\u2002studies are needed to confirm its long-term effects and generaliseability in various educational outcomes.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords<\/em><em>:<\/em> augmented reality; sustainability education; GreenComp; primary school; pedagogy<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/augmented-reality-as-a-pedagogical-tool-for-green-education-in-primary-schools-principles-applications-and-implications\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Adolescents\u2019 Perspectives on Influencers \u2013 Educational Opportunities<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ekaterina Tomova<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d<\/em> <em>(Bulgaria)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.06\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.06<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> This paper presents the findings of a study that focuses on adolescents&#8217; perceptions of social media influencers and their content. The study was conducted with the objective of addressing the following research questions: do adolescents regularly consume content presented by influencers; do the beliefs and behaviors of opinion leaders influence adolescents; how do adolescents perceive the idea of integrating influencer posts into the educational process. The main tasks carried out in the research include conducting semi-structured interviews with adolescents aged 12 \u2013 18; processing and analyzing the data; and systematizing and presenting the results. The research method employed was interviewing. The study sample consisted of 17 teenagers from Bulgaria.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> publications by influencers; educational opportunities; formational interactions; teenagers&#8217; perceptions; adolescents&#8217; attitudes<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/adolescents-perspectives-on-influencers-educational-opportunities\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0437\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u044a\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Nikolaj Danev<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>University of Plovdiv \u201cPaisii Hilendarski\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.07\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.07<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438 \u0432 4. \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442 \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u044a\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0434\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430, \u0443\u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u043d\u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0432 4. \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441, \u0438 \u0434\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0443\u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043a\u044a\u043c \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u0441\u044a\u0434\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u041f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u045d \u0432 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0430 \u0430\u043d\u0433\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0438 \u0443\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0440\u044a\u0437\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435. \u041e\u0431\u0441\u044a\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0442 \u0441\u0435 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u044a\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438, \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0433\u0440\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u044f\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0439\u043d \u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u0418\u0437\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0430 \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0442\u0430 \u043e\u0442 \u0431\u044a\u0434\u0435\u0449\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0443\u0447\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u043e\u0437\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u043f \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0438.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> \u0447\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u044a\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043e; \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435; \u0434\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/obrazovatelna-nastolna-igra-kato-sredstvo-za-igrovo-obuchenie-po-chovekat-i-obshhestvoto\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u041a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0430\u0432\u0430 \u0422\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Episkop Konstantin Preslavski Shumen University<\/em><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.08\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.08<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract.<\/strong> \u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0442\u0432\u044a\u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0432\u044a\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u0430. \u0420\u0430\u0437\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0441\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0438\u0442\u0443\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0442\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b\u0430 \u2013 \u201e\u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u044f\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u043c\u201c \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b \u201e\u0417\u0435\u043c\u044f\u201c, \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0448\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0441\u043b\u044a\u043d\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u0441\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u201c \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b \u201e\u041f\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0438\u201c \u0438 \u201e\u0429\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0432\u0442\u201c \u043e\u0442 \u043c\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043b \u201e\u041a\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0441\u201c, \u0432 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442 \u0438 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0442 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u043e\u0432\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430 \u201e\u0414\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0441\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043e\u201c \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u043a\u0442 \u201e\u041d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u201c.<\/p>\n<p><em>Keywords:<\/em> \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0432\u044f\u0442; \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430; \u043e\u0431\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435; \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434; \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/history.azbuki.bg\/en\/uncategorized\/kompetentnostniyat-podhod-v-obuchenieto-po-okolen-svyat-v-chetvarta-vazrastova-grupa-v-detskata-gradina\/\">SEE MORE<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0412\u044f\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u044e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u201e\u0421\u0432. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041e\u0445\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u201c https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.01 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u00a0 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434a \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430 [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":124332423427287,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[]},"categories":[16604],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0421\u043f. \u201e\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430\u201c, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 4\/2026, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XCVIII - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/pedagogics\/sadarzhanie-na-sp-pedagogika-2026-g\/sp-pedagogika-knizhka-4-2026-godina-xcviii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0421\u043f. \u201e\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0430\u201c, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 4\/2026, \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430 XCVIII - \u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0412\u044f\u0440\u0430 \u0413\u044e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0421\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442 \u201e\u0421\u0432. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442 \u041e\u0445\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u201c https:\/\/doi.org\/10.53656\/ped2026-4.01 \u0420\u0435\u0437\u044e\u043c\u0435. \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b \u0447\u0440\u0435\u0437\u00a0 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0445\u043e\u0434a \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u201e\u041f\u201c. \u0426\u0435\u043b\u0442\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0435 \u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u041a\u0430\u0442\u043e \u0441\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/pedagogy.azbuki.bg\/pedagogics\/sadarzhanie-na-sp-pedagogika-2026-g\/sp-pedagogika-knizhka-4-2026-godina-xcviii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0410\u0437-\u0431\u0443\u043a\u0438\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Azbuki55\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" 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