History of Philosophy
Nikolai Lossky and Fedor Dostoevsky: the Problem of Theodicy
Absract. The article compares various interpretations of Dostoevsky's theodicy (“The Karamazov Brothers”) by Russian philosophers of the Silver Age generation. The focus of the research interest is focused on the views of Nikolai Lossky. A brief analysis of his philosophy – metaphysical personalism – is made, with particular attention being paid to the idea of the over-time of substantive agents. It is shown how this idea, borrowed from Leibniz, plays a decisive role in explaining the origin of evil and the meaning of the suffering of the innocent. A comparison is made between metaphysical personalism and Christian personalism, and the essential difference between them is indicated. Thus, the discrepancy between Lossky's approach and Dostoevsky's attitudes was also highlighted. The main idea of the article is to show the fundamental inability of rational solution of this problem.
Keywords: Dostoevsky; theodicy; Nikolay Lossky; Leibniz; metaphysical personalism; substantive agents
rof. Nina Dimitrova
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria)
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Is a Philosophy of Ecology Possible as a Scientific Method?
Abstract. The advancement of science and the change of moral norms in a market-driven society not only generate prosperity but also challenge the future of humankind. Most of the changes and problems in the environment can be foreseen if we turn to the knowledge that we acquire through ecology not only as an interdisciplinary but also as a transdisciplinary science. It is of no less important though that this knowledge should be rationalized in accordance to values and moral norms – in terms of a philosophy that explains the meaning of the technologically changing world and the consequences for the future.
Keywords: ecology; philosophy; ethics; science; environment
1)Nikolai Mihailov, 2)Lidia Sakelarieva
1)Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski” (Bulgaria)
2)South-West University “Neofit Rilski” (Bulgaria)
The Meinongianism and Ontology of Mathematics
Absract. The aim of the present paper is to present the ontology of mathematical objects using the Meinongianism. Exactly in this framework we can accept abstract objects as non-existing, which are an object of knowledge, because they bear properties. We can apply these facts on mathematical objects, which are а type of abstract objects. So we can talk about non-existing math objects instead of their existence. I will use the dilemma of Benacerraf to prove the consequences of this acceptance of math objects as existing. But there is one deficiency of them being non-existing objects. First, I will review the approach in the ontology and in the abstract objects. The next step will be to apply Maiong`s method to ontology of math objects and to demonstrate its strengths and weaknesses. And accordingly to the results, how far can we use this decision of the problem of abstract objects and special to math objects.
Keywords: abstract objects; ontology; mathematical objects; meinongianism
Mr. Boris Nikolov
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria)
PHILOSOPHICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Gender and Existential Dimensions of Man in the Era of Globalization and Philosophical Education
Abstract. The article analyzes the gender and existential dimensions of man in the age of globalization and their reflection in philosophical education. Philosophical education aims to actualize criticality, creativity, humanism – a philosophical worldview that becomes a counteraction to any consciousness manipulation. It is proved that philosophical education in a democratic society is always a science – teaching and mastering philosophical knowledge is necessarily supplemented by philosophical creativity.
The answer to the challenges of gender innovation and transhumanism is, above all, teaching and research in the field of philosophical anthropology, which becomes a meta-anthropology and promotes the concepts of gender partnership and androgynism
Keywords: globalization; philosophical education; gender; gender partnership; androgynism; philosophical anthropology; meta-anthropology
1)Nazip Кhamitov, 2)Svitlana Krylova
1)National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Ukraine)
2)National Pedagogical Dragomanov University (Ukraine)
PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION
The Pedagogical Views of Metropolitan Methodius Kusev (1838 – 1922) and Metropolitan Boris Nevrokopski (1888 – 1948)
Absract. The paper investigates the pedagogical views of two distinguished bishops from the most recent history of the Bulgarian Church – Metropolitan Methodius Kusev and Metropolitan Boris Nevrokopski. On the basis of comparative analysis the important moments of their Church ministry have been traced, as well as life in the background of the age in which they lived as factors that influenced their pedagogical views. The two bishops identify three important factors in the educational process: faith, family and school. According to them, the influence of materialistic views in the educational process leads to the destruction of the Bulgarian school and society, as a result of which the school only educates without bringing up.
Keywords: education; enlightenment; upbringing; catechism; Boris Nevrokopski; Methodius Kusev
Stoyan Chilikov
University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION
Philosophy as an Integrative Component of Educational Culture in the Situation of the Information Society: Socio-psychological Aspects
Abstract. The system-forming significance of philosophical education in the system of humanitarian and technological knowledge, as well as the determining influence of philosophical culture and worldview on the system of meaning and the phenomenon of vitality, is updated in the information society. This problem is especially acute in situations of existential crises especially.
The co-authors apply an integrative methodology for combining psychological and philosophical discourses, relying on the conceptual and methodological apparatus of researchers – both psychologists and philosophers, and sociologists.
The fundamental existential significance of philosophical worldview in the system of education and training leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to restore the status of philosophical knowledge as an integrative component of educational culture. The considered philosophical sociological and psychological aspects of existential values will help to reveal the axiological potential of the person, which is realized in the process of education and professional activity.
Keywords: educational culture; information society; meaning generation,; life affirmation; philosophical worldview
1)Vladislav Sheleketa, 1)Natalia Kazintseva,
2)Vasilij Ivakhnov, 1)Valeria Zagovenyeva
1)Belgorod State Technological University (Russia)
2)Volgograd State Technical University (Russia)
PSYCHOLOGY
Self-esteem of Pre-secondary School Students (Grade 7): Ego States and Parental Education Influences
Absract. The article presents results of a research of the influence of ego states and parental education on the self-esteem of seventh grade students. The sample includes 339 students from 13 to 15 years. The obtained results represent the dominance of the Natural Child ego-state and Nurturing Parent ego state, manifested by characteristics such as attachment, amiability, adaptability and spontaneity. The self-esteem of the students that took part in the survey is rather average, as higher education degree of the parents defines higher self-esteem in adolescents. The results show significant effect of the Adult ego-state, Natural Child and Nurturing Parent ego- states, along with the education of the father on adolescent self-esteem. The personal characteristics of spontaneity, organization, logical thinking, persistence, conscientious and productivity, along with the education level of the father, slightly but significantly increased the self-esteem of the students. The obtained results are applicable in individual and group work with students to develop their personal qualities and self-confidence, as prerequisites for improving their academic achievement, social relationships and mental well-being.
Keywords: self-esteem; adolescence; personality; transactional analysis
Dr. Sezgin Bekir, Dr. Ergyul Tair
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria)
Psychosocial and Medical Aspects of a Case of Syphilis’ Tracking – Norms, Prohibitions and Prejudice
Absract. Nowadays, syphilis is both a well-known and a forgotten disease, due to the rarer morbidity and higher effectiveness in the treatment of the infection. Despite that, it poses a challenge, one formed out of, on one hand, the work of the multidisciplinary team/APL, a nurse, an infectionist, a psychiatrist, a dermatologist, a psychologist/and, on the other hand, the prejudices and fears of the patient and his relatives. This is due to the fact that it is most commonly a blood-borne or sexually transmitted and can affect all organs in the human body, causing severe, lasting consequences - both physical and psychological in nature. The high variability of symptoms, the possibility of developing the disease in a wide time range after infection, the need for a complex approach to working with patients all lead to difficulties in the diagnosing and timely treatment of syphilis. This article examines in detail a clinical case of newly-diagnosed neurosyphilis – from the doctor's office to the difficult way out of it, trying to answer the question: Is it possible to have a happy ending in a rather strict, stigmatizing society.
Keywords: syphilis; prejudice; work cases
1) Dr. Milena Dimitrova, 2) Dr. Rositsa Doynovska
1) Dr. Dancho Dilkov 1) Dr. Trayanka Grigorova
1) Ms. Galina Dimitrova
Military Medical Academy
2) South-West University “Neofit Rilski”
Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria
BOOK REVIEWS
A New Conceptual and Systematical Transcendental Anthropology
Dr. Assen Dimitrov
Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (Bulgaria)
