Сп. „История“, книжка 6/2025, година XXXIII

Неизвестни мемоари на Екзарх Стефан I български: между личната памет и историческата мисия

Доц. д-р Русалена Пенджекова-Христева,

инж. Георги Мъндев,

Илиана Жекова

Пловдивски университет „Паисий Хилендарски“

https://doi.org/10.53656/his2025-6-1-rus

Резюме. Статията представя и анализира в извороведски аспект новооткрити мемоари на екзарх Стефан I Български (1878 – 1957), озаглавени „Бегли спомени и впечатления от някои посещения на държавите в Северна Европа“. Текстът обединява автобиографични сведения, духовни размишления и дипломатически наблюдения, извлечени от пътувания и мисии в редица европейски страни. Разказът преплита личната съдба на автора с ключови обществени и църковни трансформации в България през първата половина на ХХ в. Особено внимание е отделено на впечатленията от Финландия, Швеция, Дания, Норвегия, Холандия (дн. Нидерландия), Белгия, Великобритания и Швейцария, представени като примери за утвърдена демократична култура, социална справедливост и религиозен морал. Чрез сравнителен анализ духовникът противопоставя „цивилизования Север“ на „балканския хаос“, формулирайки ценностни ориентири за обществено и духовно обновление. Мемоарите се отличават с многопластова структура, съчетаваща документална достоверност, културно-историческа перспектива и философска дълбочина, като предлагат оригинален поглед към международните църковни и културни взаимодействия на България през разглеждания период.

Ключови думи: Екзарх Стефан I Български, мемоари, история на Българската православна църква, църковна дипломация, Северна Европа, икуменическо движение

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Посмъртната представа за българското енорийско духовенство в европейска турция според некролозите в екзархийския вестник „Новини“

Доц. д-р Станислава Стойчева

Институт за исторически изследвания – Българска академия на науките

https://doi.org/10.53656/his2025-6-2-pos

Abstract. The study is dedicated to the obituaries of the Bulgarian parish clergy from European Turkey (Macedonia and Adrianople Thrace), published in the Exarchate newspaper Novini (Vesti / Glas) during the period 1890 – 1912. These documents are virtually unknown in scholarly literature and are brought together here for the first time in a special compilation. A total of 57 obituaries published in the newspaper have been identified, referring to parish priests, deacons, municipal chairmen, and archpriest’s vicars. Among the deceased, urban priests predominate, while the share of individuals holding administrative positions is relatively small. Most of the obituaries were submitted privately by the family of the deceased, whereas Bulgarian institutions and professional organizations were only rarely involved in the funeral or the death announcement. The study outlines the main features of these documents that shape the posthumous reputation of the Bulgarian priest as a national activist and spiritual shepherd-namely, the personal characterization of the deceased and the description of the ceremonial aspects of the funeral.

Keywords: Bulgarian Exarchate, European Turkey, parish priests, obituaries, periodical press

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Elite Responsibility for The Development of the Ukrainian State: A Historical Perspective in The Context of the Russian-Ukrainian War

Dr. Oleksandr Nazarchuk, Assoc. Prof.

Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University (Ukraine)

Prof. Svitlana Hanaba, DSc.

Bohdan Khmelnytskyi National Academy of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (Ukraine)

Prof. Oleg Batrymenko, DSc.

Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University (Ukraine)

https://doi.org/10.53656/his2025-6-3-eli

Abstract. Solving the problems of state-building and territorial unity of the country, reviving and awakening the spirit of the Ukrainian community, are of great practical importance and demand in the realities of the Russian-Ukrainian war. Responsibility is defined as a constructive form of attitude to a problem that requires a solution. As an internally oriented quality, this phenomenon reflects the tendency or even the desire of a person (or a social group, the state) to adhere to generally accepted socio-cultural norms in their activities, to follow certain rules, and to show readiness to take responsibility for their own actions. Increasing the level of the elite’s responsibility is one of the most effective ways to address many social problems in various spheres of public life. It is about the ability to feel social involvement and responsibility to society, the state and future generations, to overcome indifference and alienation from social and political processes. Responsibility is based on social interest. The elite, motivated primarily by social interest, is able to bear responsibility to society, community, and the individual. Its characteristic is not only a certain social status, but also an appropriate intellectual and psychological level of development and the ability to act in accordance with the national interest. Obviously, the active and responsible activity of the elite is its image characteristic and should be aimed at preserving and building the statehood, especially in the context of such a complex social crisis as a war.

Keywords: elite, responsibility, war, social crisis, statehood, consolidation

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Български мигрантски общности в Нидерландия – мобилност и социална динамика

Гл. ас. д-р Петя Василева-Груева

Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“

https://doi.org/10.53656/his2025-6-4-bul

Abstract. The article aims to present a current picture of the Bulgarian diaspora in the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The number, ethnic composition and economic motives of Bulgarian citizens who have chosen the country for temporary or permanent residence are examined. Attention is also paid to the models of integration, the creation of community spaces, educational and cultural institutions that maintain the national identity of the diaspora. Bulgarian citizens in the Netherlands are a representative model of society in Bulgaria, with the main difference that abroad, this society actively builds a positive environment for its social and cultural cohesion in a spirit of partnership and equality.

Keywords: Bulgarian diaspora, migrant communities, social dynamics, schools abroad, cultural institution, Bulgarian folklore and tradition

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